At present, my country's robot market, but recent research in many places found that some local governments blindly planned and launched robot industrial parks, driving enterprises and capital to rush in. Overcapacity, low-end high-end industries and other hidden concerns have initially appeared. Industry insiders said that the "visible hand" of local governments should not overstep the role of others, so as to avoid the emergence of a "bubble" in the emerging robot industry. Status: Local support policies are very popular.
IPC's research in various places found that, driven by the popularity of the capital market and the support policies of local governments, there are currently dozens of robot industrial parks across the country, and many places have jointly promoted the development of the robot industry with policies and funds. However, according to Zhou Jian, the engineer in charge of the Wuhu Robot Industry Technology Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology, the current robot industry is "too hot". He said: "Not all places are suitable for the development of the robot industry. There must be industry support and upstream and downstream enterprises in the surrounding area."
In 2014, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of the Industrial Robot Industry", which clearly proposed to cultivate 3-5 leading enterprises with international competitiveness and 8-10 supporting industrial clusters. In May last year, in the "Made in China 2025" officially issued by the State Council, "CNC machine tools and robots" are one of the key areas to be vigorously promoted.
Stimulated by a series of favorable policies, the local government's enthusiasm for the development of the industrial robot industry has not diminished. At present, about 40 places in China have proposed to build robot industrial parks, which is equivalent to more than one industrial robot industrial park per province on average. Some places propose to build 2-3 industrial robot industrial parks and 6-8 intelligent equipment industrial parks in the next 3 years. If all progress as planned, robot and intelligent equipment industrial parks will blossom everywhere in 2016.
In addition to the number, many robot industrial parks take "larger scale" as their goal. Two provinces, Heilongjiang and Shandong, have cities that propose to build a "larger robot industrial park in the north", a city in Liaoning plans to build its robot industrial park into a "larger domestic park", and a robot industrial park in a city in Henan is preparing to build a "larger robot industrial park in the Central Plains". bigger". Except for provincial capital cities and some prefecture-level cities, some counties are planning to build robot industrial parks.
Under the strong drive of the government, robot companies have sprung up everywhere. Qu Daokui, president of Shenyang SIASUN Robotics Automation Co., Ltd. and chairman of China Robot Industry Alliance, said that in 2014 alone, my country's industrial robot companies jumped from more than 200 at the beginning of the year to more than 500 at the end of the year, and now they have developed to more than 800. "Many companies that have been in other industries before are also claiming to enter the field of robotics. It feels that my country's robotics industry is simply in the era of big bang."
Yao International, an investor who has been following the robotics capital market for a long time, said the robotics industry performed "hot" in the capital market last year. According to his statistics, there are currently about 50 listed companies that have put forward development strategies related to robots. Those who did not do robots before have quickly entered the robot industry through investment and acquisition in the past two years, and used this concept to hype stock prices. .
Phân tích: Có ba nỗi lo tiềm ẩn trong ngành
Respondents said that the robotics industry has just started in my country, and the strong support of local governments is certainly beneficial to "support the horse and give it a ride", but the lack of scientific planning and blind start of the horse in various places drives enterprises and capital to quickly enter this industry, but it is possible It brings three hidden worries of overcapacity, low-end high-end industries, and the marginalization of domestic robot companies.
Trước hết, nguồn cung tổng thể của robot công nghiệp vượt quá nhu cầu và đối mặt với nguy cơ dư thừa công suất. Theo mục tiêu quy hoạch quy mô các khu công nghiệp rô bốt lớn của địa phương, trong vài năm tới, sản lượng rô bốt công nghiệp có thể sẽ vượt nhu cầu thị trường. Ví dụ: các thành phố ở Tây Nam Trung Quốc, Trung Trung Quốc và Nam Trung Quốc đã lên kế hoạch năng lực sản xuất hàng năm của rô bốt công nghiệp là 100, 000 đơn vị vào năm 2020 và tổng của ba là công suất sản xuất hàng năm là 300, { {4}} đơn vị. Tuy nhiên, dựa trên tốc độ tăng trưởng trung bình hàng năm là 35 phần trăm, vào năm 2020, tổng doanh số bán hàng năm của rô bốt công nghiệp ở Trung Quốc sẽ chỉ vào khoảng 250, 000 đơn vị.
An official from the Hefei Economic and Information Commission said that my country's industrial transformation and upgrading means that there is a huge demand for industrial robots. The current surplus worry is mainly low-level surplus. The products are not only low-level and low-tech, but also seriously homogenized and different. The products of the enterprises are similar, and the industry as a whole is bound to be in excess.
Secondly, high-end industries tend to be low-end, and the overall strength of the industry needs to be improved. According to industry insiders, my country's industrial robot market is currently controlled by four or five foreign companies with 70 percent to 80 percent of the share, and core technologies such as reducers, controllers, and servo motors are not in their own hands. Many companies rely on the government. In this case, the blindly launched robot project must only be at the low end of the industrial chain.
"Robots are a typical 'three-high' industry, with high technology intensity, high talent intensity, and high capital intensity. It requires strong RD innovation, high-end talent gathering, and a large amount of financial support. But at present, most domestic enterprises are in In the state of 'three lows' or even 'three noes', the overall strength needs to be improved urgently." Qu Daokui said.
Finally, domestic robot companies are showing signs of being gradually marginalized. At present, many places are promoting the "machine replacement" plan, which promotes the large-scale use of robots in traditional industries by giving different levels of subsidies to companies that purchase robots. The popularity of robots has promoted the use of robotics.
However, Luo Jun, CEO of the International Robot and Intelligent Equipment Industry Alliance, believes that the drawbacks of doing so are also very obvious: first, due to the lack of competitiveness of domestic robot companies, they have been marginalized in the large-scale promotion and use of the "machine substitution" plan, and further squeezed out It will suppress the living space of domestic robot companies; secondly, due to the disconnection between the machine replacement plan and the policy to support local robots, the machine has been replaced, and the local robot industry has not developed and grown, and the money will eventually flow into the pockets of foreign robot companies.
Suggestion: "Visible hand" should not be overtaken
Những người trong ngành cho rằng xét về đặc điểm phát triển của ngành công nghiệp robot, chính quyền địa phương không nên theo đuổi việc xây dựng công viên một cách mù quáng. Chính phủ cần tạo ra một môi trường cạnh tranh thị trường lành mạnh dựa trên nhu cầu thị trường địa phương, nguồn lực đổi mới và các điều kiện công nghiệp hỗ trợ, để các doanh nghiệp có thể tồn tại tốt nhất trong cuộc cạnh tranh trên thị trường.
The academician of the Academy of Industrial Computer Engineering said that just like what Japan experienced in the 1970s and 1980s, China's robot industry will inevitably go through a stage of blowout growth. At present, all parts of the robot industry are engaged in the robot industry, but most of them are weak. In the future, these enterprises or parks will definitely not become big trees. After market competition, through mergers, acquisitions, and alliances, enterprises will inevitably change from more to less, from small to large.
Qu Daokui said that in this process, the government should create a healthy market competition environment so that enterprises can survive the fittest in the market competition. However, from the perspective of local interests and GDP growth, many local governments will inevitably lead to low-level repetitive construction, waste of resources and vicious competition, making the robot industry fall into the "curse" of traditional industries. Therefore, from a level, the development of the robot industry in various places should be properly guided.
Trước sự nhiệt tình hiện nay đối với ngành công nghiệp robot ở nhiều nơi, Zuo Shiquan, Giám đốc Viện Nghiên cứu Công nghiệp Thiết bị thuộc Viện Nghiên cứu CCID của Bộ Công nghiệp và Công nghệ Thông tin, từng nói rằng hầu hết các khu công nghiệp robot vẫn đang ở dạng khái niệm. sân khấu hoặc như một sân khấu biểu ngữ để xúc tiến đầu tư. Về đặc điểm phát triển của ngành công nghiệp robot, Đừng mù quáng theo đuổi việc xây dựng công viên, mà hãy kết hợp nhu cầu thị trường địa phương, nguồn lực đổi mới và điều kiện công nghiệp hỗ trợ.
Một quan chức từ Ủy ban Kinh tế và Công nghệ Thông tin thành phố Hợp Phì cho biết chính phủ thực sự cần thiết phải tăng cường hỗ trợ cho ngành công nghiệp robot, nhưng quỹ và nguồn lực nên được sử dụng ở mức tối thiểu. Hiện tại, Ủy ban Cải cách và Phát triển Quốc gia, Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ, Bộ Công nghiệp và Công nghệ thông tin, chính quyền địa phương cũng có các dự án hỗ trợ tương ứng, thường lên đến hàng trăm tỷ đồng một lần được phát hành. Tuy nhiên, cơ chế đánh giá tiếp theo - còn yếu và không thể phản ánh hiệu quả thực tế của dự án. Ông tin rằng nên thay đổi tình trạng dễ dàng tiếp cận tiền và không bị theo dõi, cải thiện tỷ lệ sử dụng tiền và nó phải thực sự hiệu quả cho sự phát triển của ngành này.
